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Sodium sulfate is the sodium salt of sulfuric acid. When anhydrous, it is a white crystalline solid of formula Na₂SO₄ known as the mineral thenardite; the decahydrate Na₂SO₄·10H₂O is found naturally as the mineral mirabilite, and in processed form has been known as Glauber's salt or, historically, salt mirabilis since the 17th century. With an annual production of 6 million tones, it is a major commodity chemical product.

Use in Soaps and Detergents
A large amount of sodium sulfate has been used in powdered detergents as filler. However, sodium sulfate use has begun declining as well; the need for filler has gone down, due to the trend toward using concentrated liquid detergents instead of bulkier powder formulas. It is still used in carpet powders and window defrosting applications.
Textiles
Approximately 100,000 tons of sodium sulfate is utilized annually for dyeing textiles. It does not corrode the stainless steel vessels as sodium chloride (which can also be used in this manner) does. Sodium sulfate is a leveling agent, reducing negative chargers on the fibers, which allows the dyes to penetrate evenly. Sodium sulfate is a by-product of rayon production.
Wood Pulp
One notable use for sodium sulfate compound is in the Kraft process, also known as the sulfate process, of wood pulp manufacturing which is widely used to make paper products and building supplies .The technology involves impregnating wood chips with sodium sulfate; the wood is heated, causing a reduction of the sodium sulfate into sodium sulfide. This breaks the bond in the cellulose of the wood, making it malleable and able to be extruded.
Glass
Sodium sulfate is used in the glass industry as well. Sodium sulfate prevents scum formation by the molten glass during refining, and also fluxes the glass. The compound also acts as a fining agent in molten glass, removing small air bubbles and imperfections during the blowing and casting processes.
Drying and Thermal Storage
In the laboratory, sodium sulfate is often used as an inert drying compound for organic materials. It removes water from compounds reliably at temperatures below 30° C (86° F). Another main use of sodium sulfate is in thermal storage. It has been utilized as a solar heat storage component, because it has a high heat storage capacity and does not change from a solid to a liquid until 90 ° F (32 ° C). Sodium sulfate is used to store heat in thermal tiles, and put into cells surrounded by solar-heated water, as well as in some computer-cooling and insulating applications.

Calcium chloride is a type of salt derived from limestone. It is also produced as a byproduct of the ammonia-soda process of making soda ash. This type of salt has several properties that make it useful in commercial, industrial, and medical applications. The compound prevents water from freezing, absorbs moisture from the air, and generates heat when wet. Its medical uses include treatment for calcium disorders, certain heart conditions, and toxicity issues.

Roads are often treated with calcium chloride during freezing conditions. It keeps roads free from ice by melting existing ice and lowering the freezing point of water. The compound is also applied to unpaved roads to prevent dusty conditions. It does this by absorbing water from the air, keeping a thin layer on top of the road moist. Other commercial applications include adding it to concrete to speed up curing time and using it as a packaging desiccant to prevent moisture from harming delicate electronics.

Patients with magnesium intoxication or calcium channel blocker toxicity are treated with intravenous injections of calcium chloride. In some cases, the compound is used for emergency cardiac resuscitation. It is also used to treat hypocalcaemia, a medical condition that sometimes requires an emergency infusion of the compound.

Calcium chloride is found in many foods. It is used to add a salty taste to pickles without raising sodium levels. Canned foods, such as green beans, retain their firmness when treated with the salt. It is added to many sports drinks to help athletes maintain their electrolyte balance. Some cheeses are made by first adding the compound to milk or milk products.

Many products that control moisture in closets and basements use calcium chloride as the main desiccant. Portable hand warmer packs and heating pads utilize the compound’s ability to generate heat when moistened. Fabric softeners often contain calcium chloride to improve the liquid’s visغير مجاز مي باشدity because the compound absorbs water and holds it in suspension. It is a salt mineral and is used in swimming pool maintenance to increase the hardness of the water.

Marine aquariums use calcium chloride to increase the calcium content of the water. Certain marine animals, such as mollusks, require water with extra dissolved calcium to maintain health. Tires are sometimes weighted with the compound. It is mixed with water and injected into the air space of the tires. This adds extra weight and drag to the tires while preventing the water from freezing and damaging them.